Early motor development: risk factors for delay in a population study in Southern Brazil

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To assess risk factors associated with motor development delay at three months of age. METHODS Cross-sectional study with mothers and their three-month-old babies in Southern Brazil. The Bayley-III Scale of Infant and Toddler Development (BSID-III) and the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) were used to assess motor development. RESULTS We evaluated 756 mothers and their three-month-old babies. The overall mean motor development assessed by the BSID-III and the AIMS was 104.7 (SD 13.5) and 55.4 (SD 25.4), respectively. When assessed by the BSID-III, the lowest motor development scores were among babies born by cesarean delivery (p = 0.002), prematurely (p < 0.001), and with low birth weight (p < 0.001). When assessed by the AIMS, babies born prematurely (p = 0.002) and with low birth weight (p=0.004) had the lowest motor development means. After a cluster analysis, we found that babies born by cesarean delivery, with low birth weight, and prematurely had more impaired motor development compared with children born without any risk factors. CONCLUSION Identifying risk factors allows the implementation of early interventions to prevent motor development delay and, therefore, reduce the probability of other future problems.

Adherence to drug treatment regarding the users of psychosocial attention centers with mood disorders and schizophrenia / Adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso dos usuários de centros de atenção psicossocial com transtornos de humor e esquizofrenia / Adhesión al tratamiento medicamentoso de los usuarios de centros de atención psicosocial con trastornos de humor y esquizofrenia

The objective was to identify the prevalence and factors associated with non-adherence to psychiatric medication among users of Psychosocial Attention Centers. Dealing with a cross-sectional study, sheltering a prospective cohort of 563 users of Psychosocial Attention Centers in Pelotas. Household interviews were conducted and two questionnaires were applied. The prevalence of lack of accession was 32%, without significant differences according to gender, income, time of illness, diagnosis and type of medicine. Young individuals with higher education, with a partner, less frequent at the Psychosocial Attention Centers and with adverse effects, were least adherent to treatment. The lack of adhesion of the participants is mainly related to the adverse effects. Health policies need to focus on addressing this issue, proposing new strategies of adherence to treatments.

Objetivou-se identificar a prevalência e fatores associados à não adesão a medicamentos psicofármacos entre usuários dos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial. Trata-se de estudo transversal, aninhado a uma coorte prospectiva com 563 usuários dos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial de Pelotas. Foram realizadas entrevistas domiciliares e aplicados dois questionários. A prevalência da falta de adesão foi de 32%, sem diferença significativa de acordo com gênero, renda, tempo de doença, diagnóstico e tipo de medicamento. Indivíduos jovens, com maior escolaridade, com companheiro, com menor frequência aos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial e com efeitos adversos, foram menos aderentes ao tratamento. A falta de adesão dos participantes está principalmente relacionada aos efeitos adversos. As políticas de saúde precisam dedicar-se ao enfrentamento desse problema, propondo novas estratégias de adesão aos tratamentos.

La finalidad fue identificar la prevalencia y factores asociados a la no adhesión a medicamentos psicofármacos entre usuarios de los Centros de Atención Psicosocial. Se trata de estudio trasversal, anidado a una cohorte prospectiva con 563 usuarios de los Centros de Atención Psicosocial de Pelotas. Fueron desarrolladas entrevistas domiciliares y aplicados dos cuestionarios. La prevalencia de la falta de adhesión fue del 32%, sin diferencia significativa según el género, renta, tiempo de enfermedad, diagnóstico y tipo de medicamento. Individuos jóvenes, con mayor escolaridad, con compañero, con menor frecuencia a los Centros de Atención Psicosocial y con efectos adversos fueron menos adherentes al tratamiento. La falta de adhesión de los participantes está principalmente relacionada a los efectos adversos. Las políticas de salud necesitan dedicarse al enfrentamiento de ese problema, proponiendo nuevas estrategias de adhesión a los tratamientos.